Like all holly plants, the American holly tree is dioecious, which means that a plant will either be male or female. Types of Holly Shrubs and More. Berries: none. It grows in an upward clumping manner and typically reaches a height of 5-8 feet. The incredible holly tree has also been found to contain numerous medical benefits and previously, the leaves of this tree was used to cure smallpox and catarrh. Scientific Name: Ilex x rutzan ‘Red Beauty’. The foliage is quite large, around three inches in length, and is ovate with toothed edges. The holly plant, with the shiny dark green leaves and prickly edges have been mentioned from pagan times when the Druids adorned themselves with holly as they entered the woods. The flowers of this tree are heavily fragrant that bloom in the spring season and adopt a variety of shades like yellow, red and orange. Four species of Byronia are in the Polynesian and Australian area, and only one species of mountain holly (Nemopanthus mucronatus) is… It has won the Award of Garden Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society (Royal Horticultural Society). They grow almost 6-15 cm long and 2-4 cm wide. English holly is often crossed with Tsuru holly in order to produce the blue hollies or Meserve hollies (Ilex x meserveae). Many people from back in the days also considered holly to be a substitute for tea. This variety of holly gets its name from its creator, Mrs. F. Leighton Meserve from New York. Their foliage varies, too, ranging from large, spiny leaves to smooth, small leaves that resemble boxwood. The foliage grows from dark purple stems, and is small, glossy, and very spiny, like a hedgehog. There are many types of holly shrubs: English holly (Ilex aquifolium) is one of the most common with its familiar glossy, dark-green spiky leaves and bright red berries used for Christmas displays. A popular specimen holly is the Highclere (Ilex x altaclerensis), which reaches 20 to 30 feet in a handsome pyramid shape, is cold tolerant and has large red berries. It is typically found in peripheries of bogs and swamps, and can also be found in sandy wood areas. Spring, a variegated type with irregular bands of yellow on the leaves. The diverse holly family includes trees and shrubs that come in a variety of forms: columnar, pyramidal, rounded, or weeping. Another cultivar of the Japanese holly is called Compacta which is quite a neat, globe-shaped group of trees. This holly can adapt to almost any kind of soil and remains fully branched to the ground as it matures. This holly variety is also called deciduous holly and is greatly known for its ability to handle the cold weather better than its other species. Also known as sand holly, Carolina holly (Ilex ambigua) is native to south central and southeastern United States. Furthermore, holly bushes grow back even after all their branches are cut off. The inconspicuous flower is greenish white, with four petals. (EYE-leks) The Ilex genus contains more than 780 evergreen and 30 deciduous species of trees and shrubs native to North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. A mix between a Chinese and English Holly, Nellie is admired for its glossy green foliage year-round and the radiant red berries that grow in the fall. They tolerate hot temperatures but sustain winter damage in areas colder than USDA plant hardiness zone 6. Most species of holly plants have jagged, stiff leaves that deter animals and intruders. This narrow holly shrub has a pyramid shape that works well in containers or as a standalone specimen plant. Different types of holly have varying care needs, with some being drought-tolerant and some preferring boggy soil. The Blue Princess holly prefers growing in moist, well-drained soils as well as full sun to partial shade conditions. They are commonly grown as ornamental plants given the bright red berries they produce that look stunning against the dark green leaves. The foliage is deep green, narrow, and smooth-edged, with tips that are flushed with red in spring. The branches of this tree are usually covered shiny black or dark brown bark that eventually flakes off as the tree begins to age. Trees.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. All these unique and fascinating qualities of the holly tree eventually led the Druids to believe that the tree consisted of some magical and spiritual powers. Although many species can reach upwards 50 feet, many landscapers choose to prune the tree to a more manageable height. The shrub has a spreading habit and will grow as wide as it is tall, making it ideal for use as a decorative hedge or border. Holly trees are dioecious, meaning there are both male and female trees. With the arrival of spring comes a mass of tiny creamy green flowers, which on female plants will develop into bright orange-red berries if pollinated by a male holly. Way before holly became a standard Christmas tree; it was believed to be an extremely sacred plant by the Druids. 9 Different Indoor Tropical Plants - Growing Guides & Photos. The flowers bloom in spring and are usually inconspicuous, and they come with bright red berries. It is popularly used during the Christmas season because it is believed to be truly connected to the merriment and celebrations associated with Christmas. van Tol' and the large-berried 'Firecracker'. American holly is largely cultivated to be used as a broadleaf ornamental plant by most plant nurseries. It is also known as evergreen holly, Indian black drink, Christmas berry and Cassina. This plant is tolerant of a wide range of soil types and will thrive in both wet or dry soils. All four produce the shiny green leaves and red berries we associate with "Christmas holly." Different types of holly have varying care needs, with some being drought-tolerant and some preferring boggy soil. The branches are densely packed together and adorned with tiny leather-like leaves, which are bright medium green in color. The habitat of this holly species ranges from sand scrubs and hammocks to woodlands to hardwood forests. This species of the holly family can also be found growing along the coastal plain that extends from North Carolina to Texas. Yaupon holly is native to the eastern and southern part of the United States. Holly plants are big hedge bushes that create effective privacy screens that also add some security. Its bark is generally smooth with some lenticels and often sports a dark gray to brown color. This evergreen holly has an upright habit and dense growth pattern and can take the form of a small tree or large shrub. It is a round type of shrub with glossy dark green leaves that are often spiny, and bright red berries that offer a great contrast against the lush green foliage. Blue holly gets its name from the bluish tint its dark green leaves have. It is different from many other types of hollies because it has smooth-edged, ovate, light-green leaves. You can also expect to find them growing with pines like shortleaf pine, loblolly, slash and several kinds of oak species. The cultivar Ilex aquifolium ‘Rubricaulis Aurea’ is an English holly with variegated leaves. Holly trees and bushes encompass more than 400 plant species. The upper side of these dark green leaves is glossy while the underside gives off a paler green shade that is not so glossy. It is often used in place of English holly, especially in Christmas decorations. Shrub type: This dense evergreen shrub—a hybrid cross between English holly and tsuru holly (Ilex rugosa)—was developed as a standard form to be sold in nurseries and garden centers. The dark green spiny leaves have a glossy texture and keep their color throughout every season. Native to the US, this plant has a good tolerance of wet and soggy soils, so it is ideal for planting in boggy soils or along streams and riverbanks. Hollies can also be planted individually as ornamental trees, accenting gardens and entryways. Holly is an ancient plant that has been used by former civilizations for decoration and ceremonial reasons. Also known by its other common name ‘horned holly’ and scientific name Ilex cornuta, Chinese holly is an evergreen shrub that is native to Korea and China. The lifespan of the Hawaiian holly extends up to more than 5 years and are considered to be one of those long-lived trees. This variety is a slow-growing broadleaf and evergreen shrub that is quite easy to grow and offers a striking color in the winter season. Dwarf Holly Bushes . They are produced on purple stems along with small white blooms in spring. The right height for a low hedge or border, Carissa may also be grown as a container plant. This variety of holly is an evergreen growing tree that attains an average height of 33-36 feet. These trees don’t thrive or do really well in regions with hot weather; however, they do manage to tolerate colder temperatures. Foliage is dark deep green, with a creamy white margin around the outer edges. They are scientifically known as “ilex cassine” and are naturally found in swampy areas. These are also native to North America. Ilex spp. The berries are a food source for birds, but those which do not get eaten will persist through to winter, providing vibrant color to the winter garden. Edible Shrubs. This evergreen holly bush is the most popular of all that is used in Christmas decorations, which is one of the reasons why it is also called the ‘Christmas holly.’ This is primarily due to the unique shape of the leaves that is often associated with this festive season. Ilex aquifolium ‘Silver Queen’ Ilex aquifolium ‘Silver Queen’ is grown for its distinctive foliage – it has … They come in a range of s… Types of Shrubs. Even holly’s berries come in a variety of hues that include red, pink, blue, orange, yellow, and white. This hybrid was both attractive and hardy. Hollies are also especially fast-growing, with Nellie Stevens Holly topping the list at 3 feet per year. This is where the holly gets its botanical species name of Ilex vomitoria. 4. Specimen plants are usually tall and can stand alone as a focal plant. Holly tree (llex ) is a member of the family of low-maintenance and evergreen plants, which can grow up from 12-inch bushes to 50 feet big trees. The type species is the European holly Ilex aquifolium described by Linnaeus. Many have the classic red holly berries, which have become associated with holly for ages. There are quite a few different holly varieties that you will find in most households, especially during the colorful Christmas season. Remember there are two different types of Holly plants, the evergreen types, and the deciduous types (the ones that lose their leaves in winter). Hedgehog holly can adapt to a partially shaded position, but variegated varieties like this do tend to perform better in full sun. The foliage of the plant has a leather-like texture, is dark green, and has moderately sharp spines. Hollies (Ilex spp.) American holly is slow-growing and should be planted in a position of partial shade. This plant is a female species of holly and will need to be pollinated by a male blue holly in order to produce fruits. Carissa hollies grow 3 to 4 feet tall and 4 to 6 feet wide. So, the Druids began to hang hollies in their homes as a way to protect themselves from evil and also bring in good luck and good times. It has a slow growth habit, forming a loose round shape with its many slender branches. The berries should not be ingested and can cause stomach irritation if eaten. Dwarf evergreen shrub 3-4′. They are the standard type of evergreen hollies that are found in most garden centers and nurseries. They used to make the tea from dried leaves and shoots from a variety of different holly species that resulted in quite a unique blend of delicious tea. This is a female cultivar that belongs to the blue holly group and is marked by its dark green leaves that are super glossy, moderately spiny and give off a kind of a bluish cast. Low maintenance and drought tolerant. We may earn a commission for purchases using our links. A bush less than two feet from a house can threaten the foundation, given enough time. Traditional English holly has a pale yellow stripe around the edges, while other varieties of the cultivar have different variegation in color. Chinese holly (I. cornuta) is one of the few types of holly shrubs that can actually produce berries without male pollination. This shrub has a vigorous growth habit and will thrive in a wide range of soil types, though it prefers a well-draining and slightly acidic soil. The different types of hollies in this group include Burfordii, which is one of the most popular cultivars for hedges, and O. This holly plant is native to the central and eastern United States, and has an upright habit which grows to take the shape of a tall pyramid. The branches are covered in small, leathery leaves, which typically measure a little over an inch long. Special Features: Winter hardy to low temperatures. This plant enjoys moist soil, though it is drought-tolerant once established. Find out how to grow holly trees in a container and growing condition holly Plant, Holly Plant Care etc. Holly bushes grow to be quite large. Finetooth holly is commonly found in China and Japan and grows to an average height of 6 feet to 15 feet tall. The name ‘Indian black drink’ in particular has resulted from the fact that the berries of this holly species were once used by Native Americans in one of their special ceremonial drinks. are shrubs or small trees that grow in temperate zones around the world. In spring, an abundance of creamy green small flowers appears, which will develop into bright red berries on female trees. ; Hollies are dioecious; male plants produce pollen, and female plants produce berries. Carissa is a male holly so produces no berries. Even in today’s time, the holly tree is considered to be sacred and Christians strongly believe that the tree is symbolic of Jesus Christ. Along with garlands and decorative accessories, one of the most popular and commonly used ornamental items is the stunning holly trees and shrubs. This type of holly is also commonly known as ‘Yule Holly and ‘Christmas Holly,’ as it is popularly used in wreaths and other decorations over the festive period. Their unique name is a reference to the fruits produced by this plant and its other name ‘gallberry’ has been derived from the fact that once upon a time, black ink was made with the help of galls of oaks. Different shrubs serve different purposes and can be used for anything from a food source to purely decoration. Hollies are truly iconic plants that are often associated with symbols of hope and rebirth. Holly plants have many different leaf shapes and vary in size. The leaves of the Dahoon holly are evergreen and sport a glossy, dark green color with a few spines towards of the apex of the leaf. Due to its ability to cope with wet soil, it is one of the few holly plants which do not require well-draining soil. Both male and female holly plants will produce an abundance of greenish-white flowers in spring, but only those on a female holly that have been pollinated by a male will develop into showy berries. The number of species of shrubs is as numerous as it can get. Are you ready to decorate your house with beautiful holly trees the next Christmas season? This showy holly plant takes the form of a large evergreen shrub, with a mature height of between 15 and 25 feet. Coming from the Hawaiian Islands, Hawaiian Holly is typically found in wet forests and mixed mesic areas. It is a deciduous shrub with deep green, ovate leaves that have serrated edges. Growing conditions: Plant in areas with moist, well-drained and slightly acidic soil. The tree is densely branched and has a beautiful symmetry to it. Holly can be evergreen or deciduous and range greatly in size and shape. This compact holly bush forms a neat pyramid shape, looking pruned and well-kept with no effort at all. Yaupon holly (Ilex Vomitoria) is a small evergreen shrub that is characterized by its red berries and green leaves that create a wonderful landscape. Most Holly … The red berries are often used in Christmas decorations along with the evergreen foliage that looks quite ethereal. The most striking feature of these trees is their brightly colored fruit that grows on purple stems and provides a breathtaking contrast against the dense, blue-green foliage throughout the entire winter season. These spines are quite similar to horns in appearance which is what gave it the name ‘horned holly’. The berries of this tree are a stunning bright and glossy red that adds great beauty to the entire winter landscape; however, these species are not used as commonly as the rest for Christmas holiday decorations. The leaves sport a dark green color and their shape ranges from oval to elliptical. Perhaps, if you have ever properly listened to the numerous Christmas carols that people sings throughout this holiday season, you would have noticed that one of them is called “The Holly and the Ivy”. You will have your pick of variety regardless of where you live or your climate. Specimen holly. This bush is easy to take care of and makes a wonderful addition to the winter garden. It prefers full sun and well-drained, humus-rich and moderately fertile soils in order to grow to perfection. These leaves will transform into a purple-yellow color in fall, before turning entirely yellow and falling to the ground. Firstly, the berries produced by Finetooth holly are smaller and secondly, it is a semi-evergreen tree which means that it doesn’t shed all its leaves during the winter months. Its trees are blunt-tipped that grow up to 2-6 inches and often sport a beautiful dark green color. These fast-growing privacy trees are often pruned as hedges, blocking out unwanted noise and intrusions. This holly produces pure white blooms towards the end of spring, which will develop into glistening red berries when pollinated by a male counterpart. The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly. The berries persist all through winter, looking exceptionally striking on the skeletal frame of the tree once all the leaves have dropped. People also used to extract the juice out of fresh holly leaves as a treatment for extreme jaundice. It is a deciduous plant, losing its leaves at the end of fall to reveal a skeleton of silver-gray branches. This plant flowers abundantly in spring with tiny white flowers that can develop to shiny bright red berries when pollinated. Japanese holly trees have quite a soft texture as compared to the Chinese varieties. In their native growing locations, inkberry holly prefers woodland soils that are sandy and acidic. The main reason behind the belief was that unlike many other plant and tree species, holly remained exceptionally strong and green. This plant is not easily identifiable as a type of holly, and instead commonly gets mistaken for boxwood. Its trunk diameter typically reaches 20 inches and in rare cases, it can even go up to 47 inches. Related: Types of Myrtle | Types of Firethorns | Types of Dogwood | Types of Grevillea. This dwarf evergreen holly has a rounded habit that makes it well suited to container growing. This variety is often confused with the winterberry, but there are two main distinguishing traits between them. Japanese Holly (I. crenata) Japanese hollies are generally softer in texture than Chinese hollies. Depending on the species, holly can be evergreen or can be a deciduous holly. Holly, or Ilex, is a plant genus made up of many hundreds of species. Carissa holly (Ilex cornuta "Carissa") is a variety of holly shrub with a slow growth rate and coarse texture. Chinese holly grows to an average height of 15 feet and prefers growing in part shade or full sun, along with well-drained and moisture-laden soil. This holly has red berries and is also on the small side, growing as a tree and reaching maximum heights of 15 feet. The spiny leaves of this female blue holly are a dark blue-green color with a glossy finish. This compact male holly shrub has an upright habit. This cultivar is quite dramatic that grows less than 2 feet wide and in terms of height, it manages to grow as tall as 10 feet. Tiny white flowers appear on this female holly bush in the spring, which will develop into bright red round berries in the fall if the blooms were pollinated by a male holly bush. There are 4 main types of ornamental hollies: Blue Holly - Ilex meserveae - these have the typical holly shaped leaves and are evergreen shrubs. It produces stiff yellow green leaves that are shiny o the top and a dull matte towards the bottom. They grow to an average height of 15 feet a 10-foot spread. These common shrubs grow to an average height of 30 to 40 feet and prefer full sun to partial shade for successful growth. This is a deciduous species that grows really well sandy soils, which is primarily why it is often called by its other common name ‘sand holly’. This holly variety is also called evergreen winterberry, gallberry and Appalachian tea. English Holly is a tall, evergreen tree with stunning foliage that is glossy and leathery. Ilex cornuta Carissa Holly. Suggested plants to pair this with in order to encourage pollination and result in fruiting is male blue holly plants such as ‘blue prince’ and ‘blue stallion.’. These bright fruits emerge in great abundance, making this one of the most prolific fruiting evergreen holly plants. It can grow well … Holly tree. They have about 100 different varieties, including several spectacular ones that are always high-yielding: variegated 'Golden King', dark-green 'J.C. Mrs. Meserve used two different types of hollies, Ilex Rogusa (which was strong but not very attractive) and Ilex Aquifolium (which was attractive but not very hardy) and created a hybrid in the early 1960s. The leaves of this tree are quite glossy and oval in shape with fine-toothed margins. Their symbolism is one of the main reasons why they are used as such a major part of Christmas décor. This species is also called ‘sky pencil’ which is one of its cultivars. With those smaller leaves it is ideal for smaller specimens and hedges, leaving the bigger hedges to … Special Features: Decorative winter branches. It prefers moist soil, but it does have some tolerance against drought when established. This deciduous holly gets its name from the golden orange berries it produces in abundance throughout winter, following the green-white flowers that arrive late in the season, from late spring to summer. 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