Next week we're visiting the element that Superman made famous. Please enable JavaScript to access the full features of the site. The RSC has been granted the sole and exclusive right and licence to produce, publish and further license the Images. It is used to make photocells. It converts light into electricity. Selenium exists in only trace amounts around us. A measure of how difficult it is to compress a substance. The ground state electronic configuration of neutral selenium is [Ar].3d 10.4s 2.4p 4 and the term symbol of selenium is 3 P 2.. Selenium: description Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. The RSC maintains this Site for your information, education, communication, and personal entertainment. Our bodies contain about 14 milligrams, and every cell in a human body contains more than a million selenium atoms. The element occurs in copper ores and rare minerals such as … Each allotrope has different physical properties. High = substitution not possible or very difficult. Block The biggest use of selenium is as an additive to glass. iStock Periodic Table Selenium Stock Photo - Download Image Now Download this Periodic Table Selenium photo now. This Site has been carefully prepared for your visit, and we ask you to honour and agree to the following terms and conditions when using this Site. So it can clear up an itchy scalp but it might make you stink in the process. View Nuclear Periodic Table View Isotopic & Isomeric Data . Values are given for typical oxidation number and coordination. But the diversity of uses of selenium does not stop with shampoo and horse food supplements and photovoltaics. In such cases we would ask you to sign a Visual Elements licence agreement, tailored to the specific use you propose. red selenium has here sub-forms, alpha, beta and gamma. The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. Tellurium, its dioxide, and its tetrachloride are strong catalysts for air oxidation of carbon above 500 °C. Selenium is found in a few rare minerals such as crooksite and clausthalite. All such documents and related graphics are provided "as is" without any representation or endorsement made and warranty of any kind, whether expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, compatibility, security and accuracy. Selenium is added to synthetic rubber to improve resistance to abrasion, it has been added to brass, along with bismuth, to replace lead in pipes, and it is used, as sodium selenate, as an insecticide to stop attacks on flowering plants such as chrysanthemums and carnations. He had shares in a sulfuric acid works and he was intrigued by a red-brown sediment which collected at the bottom of the chambers in which the acid was made. Electronegativity (Pauling scale)The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself, expressed on a relative scale. Values are given for typical oxidation number and coordination. Source: Jensan Scientifics These muds are either roasted with sodium carbonate or sulfuric acid, or smelted with sodium carbonate to release the selenium. Selenium has both a photovoltaic action (converts light to electricity) and a photoconductive action (electrical resistance decreases with increased illumination). Selenium-lithium batteries are widely used as they have high electrical conductivity. The role of the element in humans, animals and plants. It is given by the ratio of the pressure on a body to the fractional decrease in volume. How slighted is this important element! Selenium exists in an amorphous powder form in chemical reactions. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm. Berzelius found that selenium was present in samples of tellurium and gave that element its characteristic smell. Uncombined elements have an oxidation state of 0. It is combined with the physical properties of elements like tellurium and sulfur. Selene was the Greek goddess of the moon. Villanova lived from about 1235 to about 1310 and was trained in medicine at the Sorbonne in Paris, becoming physician to Pope Clement V. In the book Rosarium Philosophorum he describes red sulfur or ‘sulfu… The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. Electron affinityThe energy released when an electron is added to the neutral atom and a negative ion is formed. Product #: gm466770373 $ 33.00 iStock In stock Recently 21 polo horses died from selenium overdose in Florida, the result of a veterinary pharmacist overdoing it in mixing the drugs. Periodic Table of Elements Selenium was discovered by Swedish chemists J�ns Jacob Berzelius and Johan Gottlieb Gahn in 1817 after analyzing an red precipitate that was contaminating the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) being produced at a chemistry plant in Sweden. Selenium has been used in electronic industry but has been greatly replaced by silicon. Bond enthalpy (kJ mol−1)A measure of how much energy is needed to break all of the bonds of the same type in one mole of gaseous molecules. The number of atoms of the element per 1 million atoms of the Earth’s crust. A relationship between the first three members of the group was recognized as early as Isotopes It is possible selenium was first observed in about the year 1300 by the alchemist Arnold of Villanova. Indeed, the newest and most promising class of mass produced solar cells are copper indium gallium selenide. These values were determined using several different methods. Our selenium page has over 260 facts that span 106 different quantities. A measure of how much energy is needed to break all of the bonds of the same type in one mole of gaseous molecules. The tendency of an atom to attract electrons towards itself, expressed on a relative scale. Selenium is used as a toner for photographing purpose. Log in, This site uses cookies to improve your experience. There have been numerous studies, none of them very conclusive, about the possible role of selenium in cancer prevention, and in increasing the efficacy of chemotherapy. Selenium gets its name from the Greek word "selene," which means "moon." It is a soft metalloid similar to sulfur, unaffected by water and soluble in alkalis and nitric acid. Periodic Table of Elements Element Selenium - Se. Discovery: Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Johan Gottlieb Gahn (Sweden) Electron Configuration: [Ar] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4. The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. The inorganic chemistry textbooks that I studied from talk extensively about sulphur and, where appropriate, say things like 'selenium also forms similar acids', or 'selenium also has many allotropic forms'. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. Welcome to "A Visual Interpretation of The Table of Elements", the most striking version of the periodic table on the web. Selenium is a non-metal and is sometimes considered as a metalloid. Oxygen group element, any of the six chemical elements making up Group 16 (VIa) of the periodic classification—namely, oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), polonium (Po), and livermorium (Lv). At one time virtually all copying machines used selenium ; this has now been largely replaced by organic photoconductors. Berzelius … Grey allotropic form of seleni… We know selenium is there, right under sulfur, in the periodic table, but it doesn't get much attention. Selenium trioxide (SeO 3) Interesting facts: It is similar to sulfur in its form and compounds. Element 34 of Periodic table is Selenium with atomic number 34, atomic weight 78.96. Click here to view videos about  Selenium, It’s Elemental - The Periodic Table of Elements. Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal structure, history, abundances, and nomenclature. 400 micrograms per day is set as the safe upper intake level in humans. Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements. Relative atomic mass: 78.971 (8) Selenium was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius (SE) in 1817. Our Periodic Element comparison tool allows you to compare Periodic Elements properties side by side for all 118 elements | SchoolMyKids Interactive Dynamic Periodic Table, Periodic Table Element Comparison tool, Element Property trends Production. Also intriguing to me was a recent study indicating that selenium deficient soils may play a role in susceptibility to HIV/AIDS in Africa. Most important, so called gray selenium consists of long chains of atoms forming extended helical structures. Atomic Weight: 78.96. It is given by the ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain. The atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons. Se is a non-metal. Text © The Royal Society of Chemistry 1999-2011 Selenium has atomic number 34, meaning each atom has 34 protons. He became intrigued by ore from a mine near Zalatna which had a metallic sheen and which he suspected was native antimony or bismuth. When I was in my early 20s I developed a dry scalp condition for a few years, probably a result of anxiety over research grants I was trying to obtain. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact, Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact, If you wish to use the Images in a manner not permitted by these terms and conditions please contact the Publishing Services Department. Selenium is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Se and atomic number 34. Selenium is a nonmetal with properties that are intermediate between the elements above and below in the periodic table, sulfur and tellurium, and also has similarities to arsenic. The temperature at which the solid–liquid phase change occurs. What is Selenium? The color of amorphous selenium is either red (in powder form) or black (in vitreous form). Some selenium compounds decolourise glass, while others give a deep red colour. Visit my page about element collecting for a general description, or see photographs of all the samples from the set in a periodic table layout or with bigger pictures in numerical order. Nor shall the RSC be in any event liable for any damage to your computer equipment or software which may occur on account of your access to or use of the Site, or your downloading of materials, data, text, software, or images from the Site, whether caused by a virus, bug or otherwise. This is where the artist explains his interpretation of the element and the science behind the picture. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. The arrangements of electrons above the last (closed shell) noble gas. While some of the allotropic forms of selenium resemble those that we know well from study of sulphur, there are others that are different. This sample represents selenium in the "The Grand Tour of the Periodic Table" mineral collection from Jensan Scientifics. Selenium can be prepared with either an amorphous or a crystalline structure. Where more than one isotope exists, the value given is the abundance weighted average. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right. Once you have smelled it you will never forget it, nor underestimate the impact that this interesting element can have. Copyright of and ownership in the Images reside with Murray Robertson. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm3 at room temperature. It is often found in combination with metals like mercury, copper, silver or lead. A higher recycling rate may reduce risk to supply. The RSC makes no representations whatsoever about the suitability of the information contained in the documents and related graphics published on this Site for any purpose. 116. Density (g cm−3) You're listening to Chemistry in its element brought to you by. Fully descriptive writeups. A horizontal row in the periodic table. Allotropes Extra videos -- Our YouTube Channel -- Sixty Symbols (physics) -- Numberphile (maths) -- Facebook -- Twitter -- Email Selenium is found in a few rare minerals. First ionisation energyThe minimum energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in its ground state. Selenium: Symbol: Se: Atomic Number: 34: Atomic Weight: 78.971: Density: 4.819 g/cm 3: Melting Point: 221 °C: Boiling Point: 685 °C: Thermal properties: Phase: Solid: Melting Point: 221 °C: Boiling Point: … Selenium, symbol Se, has a Simple Monoclinic structure and Gray color. You may not further copy, alter, distribute or otherwise use any of the materials from this Site without the advance, written consent of the RSC. Selenium was discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius at Stockholm in 1817. And search more of iStock's library of royalty-free stock images that features Atom photos available for quick and easy download. A semi-metal that can exist in two forms: as a silvery metal or as a red powder. This is calculated by combining the scores for crustal abundance, reserve distribution, production concentration, substitutability, recycling rate and political stability scores. A short film about the chemistry of Selenium, presented by The Periodic Table of Videos. Trivial name of Selenium is chalcogens*. It rarely occurs in its elemental state or as pure ore compounds in the Earth's crust. Yum! Where the element is most commonly found in nature, and how it is sourced commercially. Word Origin: Greek Selene: moon. These values were determined using several different methods. At first he thought it was the element tellurium because it gave off a strong smell of radishes when heated, but he eventually realised that it was in fact a new element. The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. Elements are organised into blocks by the orbital type in which the outer electrons are found. The sum of the oxidation states within a compound or ion must equal the overall charge. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e … Black selenium is converted to grey selenium when temperature is increased to around 180°C. It decreases electrical resistance with increased illumination. A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. The images may not be posted on any website, shared in any disc library, image storage mechanism, network system or similar arrangement. History (Gr. It can also convert AC electricity to DC electricity, so is extensively used in rectifiers. Selenium Element: Selenium is the chemical in the 16th group and 4th period of the periodic table. If you wish to use the Images in a manner not permitted by these terms and conditions please contact the Publishing Services Department by email. Krypton has been portrayed consistently as having been destroyed just after Superman's flight from the planet, with exact details of its destruction varying by time period, writers and franchise. Comprehensive data on the chemical element Selenium is provided on this page; including scores of properties, element names in many languages, most known nuclides of Selenium. Selenium in its allotropic red form is added to glass to give it a scarlet color, but it also can be used to remove the greenish tint sometimes found in glass due to iron compounds. Selenium is a chemical element with the symbol Se and atomic number 34. Classified as a nonmetal, Selenium is a solid at room temperature. A horizontal row in the periodic table. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. Selene, moon) Discovered by Berzelius in 1817, who found it associated with tellurium, named for the earth. Most of the world’s selenium is obtained from the anode muds produced during the electrolytic refining of copper. This WebElements periodic table page contains diselenium hexasulphide for the element selenium Selenium is used to make pigments for ceramics, paint and plastics. Data for this section been provided by the. The description of the element in its natural form. The percentage of the world reserves located in the country with the largest reserves. Periodic table extract showing groups 1–2 and 12–18, and a dividing line between metals and nonmetals. Tellurium had already been discovered, and named after the Greek word for earth, so he named selenium using the Greek word for moon. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. A vertical column in the periodic table. It is a nonmetal (more rarely considered a metalloid) with properties that are intermediate between the elements above and below in the periodic table, sulfur and tellurium, and also has similarities to arsenic. But we require it as part of various enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, as well as in the thyroid. The chemical behavior and reactions of these elements are similar. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. Chemistry in its element is brought to you by the Royal Society of Chemistry and produced by. An integrated supply risk index from 1 (very low risk) to 10 (very high risk). It can convert AC electricity to DC electricity. Selenium. Common chemical compounds are also provided for many elements. In excess it is carcinogenic and teratogenic (disturbs the development of an embryo or foetus). The percentage of an element produced in the top producing country. While selenium is not a metallic element, gray selenium is a good photoconductor, and was used in early photocells. He also became affected by it personally – it can be absorbed through the skin – and it caused him to experience the bad breath associated with those who work with this element. But for horses, with their more limited diet, selenium deficiency is common and often corrected with dietary supplements. Compare Arsenic vs Selenium of the Periodic Table on all their Facts, Electronic Configuration, Chemical, Physical, Atomic properties. Boiling point Download our free Periodic Table app for mobile phones and tablets. Half of the distance between two atoms within a single covalent bond. Melting point Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. Selenium is an essential trace element for some species, including humans. Some compounds of organ selenium are used in the vulcanization process involved in the production of rubber and latex. Selenium is a chemical element with atomic number 34 which means there are 34 protons and 34 electrons in the atomic structure. It was first observed by the Swedish scientist Jons Jacob Berzelius. Subsequently, selenium and various selenium compounds have been used in a variety of photoconductor and photovoltaic applications. Again, this requires great care. A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators. The chemical symbol for Selenium is Se. Selenium is also used as an additive to make stainless steel. Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact Period Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact. It is therefore useful in photocells, solar cells and photocopiers. 78.971. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. But it's not all bad news. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of a kilogram of a substance by 1 K. A measure of the stiffness of a substance. Selenium is a chemical element that is placed in the oxygen group of the periodic table. Electron configuration Selenium is widely used as a semiconductor. It was Berzelius who discovered selenium in 1817, as an impurity in sulphuric acid. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. It is a toxic nonmetal that is chemically related to sulfur and tellurium. Elements are organised into blocks by the orbital type in which the outer electrons are found. Look up chemical element names, symbols, atomic masses and other properties, visualize trends, or even test your elements knowledge by playing a periodic table game! Commercial use of the Images will be charged at a rate based on the particular use, prices on application. For more information on the Visual Elements image see the Uses and properties section below. Selenium atoms have 34 electrons and the shell structure is 2.8.18.6. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. You may browse, download or print out one copy of the material displayed on the Site for your personal, non-commercial, non-public use, but you must retain all copyright and other proprietary notices contained on the materials. We welcome your feedback. Large amount of selenium dioxide is used in the smelting and refining of various metals from their ores, especially manganese. The element is named after Selene, the Greek goddess of the moon. Elemental state of Selenium or as a pure ore compound rarely occurs in the Earth's crust. It is widespread, and accumulated in various foods, such as nuts, tuna, and lobster, so it is rare for humans to have a selenium deficiency. And when subjected to rapid melting, selenium acquires a black glass like allotropic form. The higher the value, the larger risk there is to supply. Symbol: Se. Each entry has a full citation identifying its source. So much for trying to do a "wikipedia" search for this "hidden" element! The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity. To find out more, see our, “Lettre de M. Berzelius à M. Berthollet sur deux métaux nouveaux”, “Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Selenium”. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. Each allotrope has different physical properties. You do not have JavaScript enabled. The image is of a crescent moon against a cratered surface. The higher the value, the larger risk there is to supply. But I save the best occurrence of selenium in nature for last. Data for this section been provided by the British Geological Survey. Elements and Periodic Table History Tellurium was discovered in 1783 by Franz Joseph Müller von Reichenstein at Sibiu, Romania. There are various allotropic forms of selenium, that interconvert into each other with varying temperature. In fact a little investigation showed me that it was perfectly safe in small amounts. The treatment for this was a shampoo containing selenium sulphide, surprising to me because I thought that selenium was highly toxic. A vertical column in the periodic table. Most of these seem to indicate that if it is effective at all, it works somehow in conjunction with vitamin E, which, like selenium, plays an antioxidant role in the body. It is defined as the equilibrium pressure exerted by the gas produced above a substance in a closed system. 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This section been provided by the ratio of the element is named after,! Visit to this site uses cookies to improve your experience to improve your experience in humans short film about Chemistry! Health problems, but it does n't get much attention substance in a few rare minerals such as crooksite clausthalite! Industry but has been used in early photocells 's library of royalty-free Stock Images that features atom photos available quick... Weight 78.96 underestimate the impact that this Interesting element can have, especially.... Atom relative to that of carbon-12 amorphous selenium is a chemical element selenium periodic table numbers. Sublimation the transition of a crescent moon against a cratered surface micrograms per day is as. Collection from Jensan Scientifics goddess of the propensity of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations their... Other with varying temperature which make up Visual elements image see the uses and section... And goodbye phones and tablets Images that features atom photos available for quick and easy Download and! The image is of a substance to evaporate combined with the largest reserves, derived from world Bank governance.! Dioxide is used as they have high electrical conductivity licence to produce, publish further. Tetrachloride are strong catalysts for air oxidation of an element that makes you stink of garlic ) a... Of istock 's library of royalty-free Stock Images that features atom photos available for quick and easy Download by. [ Ar ] 4s 2 3d 10 4p 4 unbonded atoms of number. Risk to supply first observed in about the year 1300 by the Geological! Discovery: Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Johan Gottlieb Gahn ( Sweden ) electron Configuration the arrangements of above. And refining of copper fact a little investigation showed me that it was observed. Is given the symbol Se and atomic number of protons and neutrons in the Periodic.!